最新刊期
- 摘要：含硫聚合物具有独特的物理化学性质与丰富的功能，在热防护、膜分离、贵金属回收等领域具有广阔的应用前景. 聚硫代酰亚胺是一类新型含硫聚合物，兼具刚性分子骨架与硫代酰亚胺功能结构，理论上应呈现优异的性能与丰富的功能，但通过常规合成方法难以高效制备. 本研究提出一种结合侧链酯化改性与均相硫氧交换反应的合成策略：以含羟基可溶性聚酰亚胺为前驱体，通过酯化反应将低极性烷基链引入侧链，提高聚合物在二甲苯等弱极性溶剂中的溶解性，进而以劳森试剂为硫代化试剂，在均相体系中实现聚酰亚胺中C＝O向C＝S的定向转化，合成聚硫代酰亚胺. 傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振波谱及X射线光电子能谱等表征结果表明，聚酰亚胺中可发生近定量的硫氧交换反应. 所得聚硫代酰亚胺具有良好的溶液加工性能，薄膜的玻璃化转变温度可达230.1 ℃. 由于硫代羰基的引入，聚硫代酰亚胺对Au3+、Pd2+和Pt4+ 3种贵金属离子表现出优异的吸附选择性(去除率83.6%~99.7%)及原位还原能力，可将贵金属离子原位还原成小尺度(2~4 nm)金属纳米颗粒. 本研究拓展一类聚硫代酰亚胺合成新方法，并为此类高性能功能聚合物的合成及功能化应用提供新思路.关键词：聚酰亚胺;聚硫代酰亚胺;硫氧交换反应;贵金属吸附15|1|0更新时间：2026-11-04
- 摘要：为解决生物基塑料聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯) (PHBV)在实际应用中存在的脆性、热稳定性差及循环加工性能衰减等问题，本研究提出一种基于聚合物接枝纳米粒子的界面调控策略. 通过表面引发可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合在二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米粒子表面共价接枝聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)，制备了SiO2@PGMA纳米粒子，并将其引入PHBV基体中构筑复合膜. 结果表明，当SiO2@PGMA添加量为10%时，复合膜表现出最佳综合性能，拉伸强度由18.29 MPa提高至36.94 MPa，韧性由0.23 MJ·m-3提高至0.69 MJ·m-3，起始热分解温度由261.4 ℃提高至275.6 ℃. 经过20次回收重塑后其仍能保持44.7%的拉伸强度，显著优于纯PHBV. 机制研究表明，PGMA界面层能够改善纳米粒子与基体的界面相容性，并促进PHBV异相成核、提高结晶度并细化球晶. 同时，PGMA可与PHBV降解过程中产生的羧基反应，从而抑制β-消除反应. 界面相容化、异相成核以及热稳定化的协同调控实现了PHBV力学性能、热稳定性和循环加工性能的同步提升. 本研究为可降解塑料的界面设计提供了一种新的策略.关键词：聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯);聚合物接枝纳米粒子;界面调控;热稳定性;循环加工性能169|37|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：聚烯烃因其成本低廉、性能易于通过分子结构及组成按需调控等优势，广泛应用于人类生活的多个领域. 然而，聚烯烃材料中常含有无机杂质或后期添加多种助剂和无机填料等，在采用高温液相色谱法测试聚烯烃分子结构及分布时，这些物质(杂质)必须先通过高温趁热过滤有效地分离剔除，从而极大地增加了测试难度. 为避免样品中的杂质影响测试结果和损坏仪器(如色谱柱，检测器)，本研究提出了一种原位分析方法，通过引入过滤组件，实现样品高温溶解与杂质的分离过程同步进行. 该方法仅需在样品制备阶段人工使用金属过滤组件包裹样品，其余测试流程均由仪器自动完成，操作简便、流程高效. 通过对含碳黑和含杂质的聚烯烃样品测试，结果表明，该方法具有优异的分离效果和实际可行性. 在测试过程中仪器(如泵压)运行保持正常，对颗粒物极其敏感的光散射信号稳定，且测试数据具有良好的重复性和准确度. 此外，该过滤组件还可应用于交联聚乙烯样品交联度的测定，单个样品平均测试时间仅为54 min，相较于ASTM D2765-16标准方法至少24 h的测试周期，效率显著提升. 该方法也为聚乙烯氧化效应分析及含不溶组分的其他聚合物体系中的表征原位测试提供了新途径.关键词：聚烯烃;炭黑颗粒;交联;原位过滤;杂质;填料;同步溶解与过滤45|1|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：油浸式电容器是电力系统稳定运行的核心装备，而硅橡胶(SiR)是保证电容器可靠运行的重要密封材料，需同时具备优良的耐植物基绝缘油性、绝缘性能和机械性能. 本研究采用具有散射电子功能的2-苯基丙烯腈(α-PAN)对SiR进行交联改性，研究了改性剂添加比例对SiR在植物基绝缘油中耐油性的影响；进一步分析了温度条件和改性剂含量对复合介质交联密度和绝缘性能的作用规律，并结合分子动力学仿真，从微观结构层面阐明了α-PAN对SiR的性能提升机理. 结果表明，改性SiR在植物基绝缘油中的耐油性得到明显提升，相较于纯SiR，0.7 wt%的α-PAN/SiR的静态接触角提升了4.66%；其交流击穿强度随改性比例的增加先升后降，在0.5 wt%时达到最大值，为72.2 kV/mm，且复合介质击穿性能随温度升高而下降；机械性能也随着改性比例增加而提高，但浸油后略有下降. 理论计算和陷阱表征表明，α-PAN的引入增加了材料内部的深陷阱分布，极性基团发挥了散射电子的功能；同时交联密度提升减小了自由体积，从而增强了材料的耐电性能.关键词：油浸式电容器;密封材料;硅橡胶;交联改性;绝缘性能13|1|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：共价有机框架(COFs)的光学与催化性能高度依赖于骨架组装过程中产生的电子结构协同效应，然而仅凭单体的本征性质难以准确预测框架的宏观性能，这一问题已成为制约COFs理性设计的核心瓶颈. 近年来，人工智能(AI)被广泛引入COFs性能预测，但现有模型多以单体分子描述符为输入，难以捕捉组装过程中的轨道重组与电荷转移等关键效应，导致预测精度和化学可解释性受限. 针对这一问题，本综述系统阐述一种基于二聚体电子结构嵌入的AI预测策略. 该策略以醛单体与胺单体通过亚胺键连接形成的二聚体作为中间表征，利用其所包含的局域成键、前线轨道耦合、激发态电荷分布等信息，有效桥接单体结构与框架性能之间的认知断层. 本综述首先剖析单体与框架预测偏差的物理本质，阐明二聚体作为中间表征的化学合理性；继而总结基于二聚体描述符的AI模型构建方法；随后以发光COFs与光催化COFs为例展示该策略的应用；最后讨论当前面临的挑战与发展方向.关键词：共价有机框架;二聚体;电子结构;人工智能;宏观性能预测13|0|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：当前农药研究与开发领域强调采用智能、精准以及环境友好的策略，旨在增强害虫防治效果并减少环境污染. 本研究以Pickering乳液为模板，通过原位自由基聚合构建了纤维素纳米晶基微胶囊(IMI@pH-DMAEMA MC)用于农药递送，该微胶囊可作为疏水性药物载体，实现农药的缓释及刺激响应性释放. 该微胶囊对IMI的包封效率(EE)达到95.05%，载药效率(LE)达到61.80%，且具有紫外线屏蔽性能可防止农药分子的自降解，在酸性条件(pH=5)下表现出酸响应释放. 耐雨水冲刷实验表明，IMI@pH-DMAEMA MC在棉花、番茄和卷心菜叶片表面的润湿性和滞留量均优于传统市售IMI乳油(EC). 与EC (LC50：32.035 mg/L)和IMI (LC50：42.760 mg/L)相比，IMI@pH-DMAEMA MC (LC50：10.607 mg/L)在针对防治棉蚜的效果评价实验中也表现出显著优势. 值得注意的是，IMI@pH-DMAEMA MC在初级生态毒性评价中展现出降低急性毒性、提高非靶标生物安全性的潜力. 生命周期评价(LCA)表明，与EC相比，IMI@pH-DMAEMA MC对环境的影响显著降低. 本研究构建了一种环境友好、可缓/控释农药且易于制备的农药递送系统，为智能农药输送提供一种有前景的策略，对推动农药精准施用及农业可持续发展具有重要意义.关键词：Pickering乳液;原位自由基聚合;纤维素纳米晶;微胶囊;生物安全10|0|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：聚烯烃弹性体(POE)的链结构非均匀性通常需要从分子量和支化结构2个方面共同描述，但这两者之间的关联关系难以通过常规的一维表征方法获得. 交叉分级色谱可获得分子量与支化的二维联合分布，然而所得二维谱图通常只能定性观察，缺乏将其转化为定量信息的处理方法. 研究以乙烯/1-辛烯和乙烯/1-丁烯共聚弹性体为对象，提出基于图像化特征提取的二维链结构分析方法，将温度梯度相互作用(TGIC-GPC)色谱图作为概率密度图像，从低阶矩、形状、拓扑、散度和分位数5个维度提取可定量的图像特征，将原本只能定性观察的二维分布转化为一组可计算的结构特征. 该方法可定量获取温度与分子量的关联程度等信息，并能在不依赖性能数据的情况下区分2类共聚单体样品. 结果表明，图像化特征为POE二维链结构的定量描述提供了一条有效途径.关键词：聚烯烃弹性体;链结构;二维交叉分级;图像化特征;短链支化分布8|1|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：作为熔融沉积成型(fused deposition modeling，FDM)技术应用最广泛的3D打印材料之一，聚乳酸(poly(lactic acid)，PLA)具有可再生、可降解、挤出流动性好、成型温度低和尺寸精度高等诸多优点. 然而，由于常压下逐层堆积的成型工艺，PLA打印件普遍存在结晶度低、层间结合不充分等问题，导致其力学性能低于传统注塑件、且呈现显著力学各向异性，严重制约了其作为承载结构件和功能部件的应用. 本综述从PLA材料本征特性与FDM成型工艺的匹配性出发，系统分析了PLA在熔融挤出、熔体沉积及冷却固化等关键阶段中的熔体流变行为、结晶特性及分子链互扩散与缠结行为，全面分析了PLA优异可打印性的内在机理. 进而，针对PLA层间结合薄弱问题，系统综述了近年来围绕层间界面增强所开展的系列研究，重点分析材料改性、打印工艺、外场辅助及后处理等增强策略对层间界面结构与性能的影响机制. 最后，展望了聚乳酸3D打印的未来发展方向，为高性能、智能化PLA材料与制件的设计提供参考.关键词：熔融沉积成型;聚乳酸材料;可打印性;层间界面增强5|0|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：Thermoplastic polyimide (TPI) insulated wires, which exhibit excellent insulating and radiation-resistant properties at extremely low temperatures, are designated as connection lines for the quench detection system of superconducting magnets. However, extensive cracking was unexpectedly observed after the implementation of vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI). The cracking behavior of TPI-insulated wires during the VPI process was systematically investigated. The results reveal that the failure is a multi-factor coupled phenomenon involving synergistic interactions between thermal, mechanical, and chemical mechanisms. First, the coiled configuration imposes sustained tensile stress on the outer arc of the insulation, while the extrusion process introduces molecular orientation and residual stresses into the TPI matrix. Although the VPI temperature (130 °C, 72 h) is well below the glass transition temperature (about 245 °C), sub-Tg segmental relaxation and amorphous structural rearrangement occurred, leading to free volume redistribution and residual stress relaxation. The constraint of the metallic conductor further restricts dimensional recovery, thereby promoting microcrack initiation. Second, low-molecular-weight species from the epoxy system, particularly the curing agent HY918 and the accelerator DY073-1, permeate into the amorphous regions of TPI, causing plasticization, swelling, and enhanced segmental mobility, which significantly reduces the local resistance to yielding and crack propagation. Under sustained bending stress, this results in a typical environmental stress cracking (ESC) acceleration effect. Third, the substantial mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the TPI and the metallic conductor generates considerable thermal stresses during the VPI thermal cycle, further exacerbating the cracking risk. Based on the mechanistic understanding, a protective strategy was implemented by wrapping the TPI wires with a thermal insulation layer prior to VPI. The protected specimens successfully passed the vacuum Paschen test, confirming that this approach effectively prevented resin permeation and thermally induced structural transitions in TPI insulation. This strategy provides a reference for the failures of quench diagnostic wires in similar superconducting magnets.关键词：Thermoplastic polyimide;Segmental relaxation;Environmental stress cracking;Electrical insulation8|6|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：The commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs) requires a transition from laboratory-scale spin-coating to high-throughput, environmentally friendly printing technologies. However, rapid crystallization and non-equilibrium molecular assembly during green-solvent processing often induce disordered morphologies and severe efficiency losses. Here, we introduce two nonhalogenated solid additives, 2-methoxynaphthalene (2-MN) and 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene (2,7-MN), to regulate crystallization kinetics and film formation in blade-coated OSCs processed from the green solvent o-xylene. Benefiting from its symmetric molecular structure and stronger intermolecular interactions, 2,7-MN effectively prolongs the liquid-solid transition and suppresses premature aggregation, enabling the formation of a highly ordered bi-continuous interpenetrating network with optimized charge-transport pathways. As a result, green-solvent-processed OSCs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.19% with an exceptional fill factor of 81.52%. Notably, the morphology control enabled by 2,7-MN remains robust under high-speed coating (30 m·min–1), maintaining efficiencies approaching 19%. Importantly, large-area modules (15.84 and 76.95 cm2) deliver impressive efficiencies of 16.80% and 15.71%, respectively, which are the highest values reported in green-solvent-processed OSCs so far. This work establishes solid-additive engineering as an effective strategy for controlling non-equilibrium film formation toward scalable and sustainable organic photovoltaics.关键词：Organic solar cells;Environmentally friendly solvents;Solid additives;High-speed blade-coating;Large-area modules9|3|0更新时间：2026-11-03
- 摘要：芬顿反应是高效产生羟基自由基的重要途径，近年来已被应用于可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合. 然而，传统芬顿-RAFT体系仍面临诸多固有瓶颈：反应依赖酸性介质进行；羟基自由基的爆发式生成易加剧双基终止等副反应，致使高分子量聚合物的制备受限；同时，铁基催化剂循环效率偏低、氧化态物种的积累易导致自由基失活，从而制约了其实际应用前景. 受超分子主客体催化策略启发，本研究将葫芦[7]脲(CB[7])/二茂铁衍生物超分子体系引入RAFT聚合，发展出一种超分子催化的芬顿-RAFT聚合策略. 研究表明，该体系有效克服了传统芬顿反应对酸性条件的依赖，可在中性环境下高效进行聚合反应. 此外，CB[7]与不同价态二茂铁之间的差异性主客体结合能够加速羟基自由基的生成速率，从而为实现高分子量聚合物的可控合成提供了可能. 本研究系统考察了主客体相互作用对自由基生成行为与聚合动力学的调控规律，阐明了超分子识别、芬顿催化与RAFT聚合三者之间的关联机制，为发展温和高效的可控自由基聚合提供了新思路.关键词：可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合;葫芦[7]脲;芬顿催化;二茂铁衍生物;主客体复合131|25|0更新时间：2026-11-02
- 摘要：Tread wear of aircraft tires is governed by harsh service conditions and material composition, which directly affect their service life. However, insufficient understanding of abrasion mechanisms under harsh service conditions imposes restrictions on the design and preparation of rubber materials with high abrasion resistance and low heat build-up. In this study, coumarone resin (CMR) and two types of tert-octyl phenolic resins, namely resole (PR45) and novolac (PR68), were introduced into natural rubber (NR) composites owing to their good compatibility with NR. To clarify the separate effects of large slip angle and high speed, the abrasion behavior of NR composites with different resins was evaluated under large-slip-angle abrasion (20° slip angle, 2.5 km/h) and high-speed abrasion (5° slip angle, 45 km/h) using a Laboratory Abrasion Tester 100 (LAT 100). The results showed that large-slip-angle abrasion was much more severe than high-speed abrasion, indicating that a large lateral force resulting from a large slip angle is much more detrimental to abrasion resistance than the surface temperature rise from high speed. Compared with CMR, both PR45 and PR68 improved the abrasion resistance of the NR composite under large-slip-angle conditions. The NR composite with PR68 also exhibited the lowest heat build-up among the three composites owing to its high cross-link density and uniform filler dispersion. Considering the abrasion resistance under a large slip angle and the overall performance, the PR68 composite exhibits great potential for extending the service life of aircraft tire treads.关键词：Resins;Abrasion resistance;Aircraft tires;Large slip angle;High speed13|14|0更新时间：2026-10-30
- 摘要：Compared with micelles and vesicles formed by the aggregation of conventional polymer chains, the aggregates of grafted nanoparticles demonstrate superior performance in structural stability, functional diversity, and application adaptability. These characteristics indicate their greater potential in fields such as drug delivery, biomaterials, and intelligent responsive systems. To further expand the range of achievable morphologies, this study introduces co-solvent effects into polymer-grafted nanoparticle systems assembled via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). A nanoparticle model featuring dual symmetric initiation sites was developed, and dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations were combined with a stochastic polymerization reaction to systematically investigate the influence of co-solvent interaction strength, nanoparticle filling ratio, and hydrophobic chain length on the self-assembly behavior of grafted nanoparticles. The results reveal that, by precisely tuning the simulation parameters, the controlled formation of various morphologies can be achieved, ranging from conventional spherical and lamellar structures to highly ordered helical aggregates which are preferentially formed when both solvents are strongly solvophobic toward the grafted chains, while a slight asymmetry exists between the two solvent–chain interaction strengths. These findings offer new theoretical insights and methodological support for the morphological control and functional design of polymer-based nanocomposites.关键词：Grafted nanoparticles;Co-solvent effect;Self-assembly;Dissipative particle dynamics12|5|0更新时间：2026-10-30
- 摘要：Piezoelectric elastic composites based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer filled with polar phase poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microspheres are fabricated. The regulatory role of the elastic polymer matrix structure on the performance of the composite, which is less concerned in previous studies, is explored. Here, we have elucidated that precise control of the PDMS crosslinked network governs the stress transfer mechanism, enabling rational design of high-performance piezoelectric composites. By tuning the crosslinker ratio, we achieve PDMS crosslinking densities ranging from 9.9×10–6 mol·cm–3 to 91.3×10–6 mol·cm–3, enhancing the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite with 10 wt% PVDF microsphere content from 5.3 V to 19.8 V. Finite element simulation attributes this enhancement to more efficient stress transfer within the elastomer matrix with higher crosslinking density, strengthening the dipole polarization response of polar PVDF microspheres. By increasing PVDF microsphere content to 30 wt%, the composite exhibits a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 74 pC·N–1 and a sensitivity of 647 mV·N–1, which are 37 and 20 times higher than unoptimized composites in this work, respectively. This work advances understanding of mechanoelectrical coupling in flexible piezocomposites and provides a platform for designing next-generation sensors for intelligent robotics and non-contact acoustic sensing.关键词：Crosslinking density engineering;Piezoelectric composite;Stress transfer mechanism;Flexible electronics13|14|0更新时间：2026-10-30
- 摘要：This work reports the synthesis of a new N,O-type nickel complex and its application in a Ni–AlEt3–BF3·MeOH catalytic system for homo- and co-oligomerization of 1-hexene and vinyl acetate. The system shows variable activity depending on the AlEt3 content and monomer ratio: 3.5 kg·(molNi·h)–1 for 1-hexene, 10.4 kg·(molNi·h)–1 for vinyl acetate, and up to 12.5 kg·(molNi·h)–1 in co-oligomerization (40 °C, toluene). Vinyl acetate is more reactive, and varying the monomer ratio allows control over the molecular weight and copolymer composition. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI+/APCI–) mass spectrometry revealed chains with different initiating groups (H―, Et―, Bu―, and―CH2CH2―), indicating the involvement of Ni–alkyl, Ni–hydride, and Ni–ethylene species. 13C-NMR and quantum chemical calculations show predominant 1,2-insertion of alkenes, as well as mainly syndiotactic fragments, and isomerization of 1-hexene to 3-hexene at the nickel center. An ionic mechanism is proposed in which the balance of active Ni species and competitive monomer coordination governs the catalytic activity and product structure. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the thermal behavior of the co-oligomers was strongly dependent on the AlEt3 content and comonomer ratio, underscoring their potential as tunable functionalized additives.关键词：Ni complexes;Co-oligomerization;Vinyl acetate;α-Olefins;Coordination polymerization17|5|0更新时间：2026-10-30
- 摘要：Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based relaxor ferroelectric polymers incorporating groups with strong dipole moments can display multifunctional electrical responses and are highly promising for flexible electronics. Despite their evident advantages and years of research, achieving precise control over the dipole alignment and switching remains elusive, hindering further performance optimization. This study introduces a structural optimization strategy to modulate the multi-level structure of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene-co-chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) relaxor polymer. This approach enhances crystallinity, promotes chain orientation across both crystalline and amorphous regions, expands interplanar spacing and simultaneously introduces significant conformational disorder within nanosized polar domains. Such oriented nanofilms demonstrate stable relaxor characteristics with double the polarization intensity of unoriented films. Oriented relaxor polymers also uncover highly efficient cooperative polarization switching dynamics, which are both faster and more concentrated than those of their non-oriented counterparts. These findings provide key insights into relaxor behavior and establish a practical framework for the development of advanced low-field flexible electronics.关键词：P(VDF-TrFE-CFE);Relaxor polymer;Melt-drawn film;Orientation;Polarization switching9|3|0更新时间：2026-10-30
- 摘要：“高分子化学”课程教学过程中存在学时有限，知识点理论性强且难度大等问题，最终导致学生学习兴趣的减退和学习效果不尽如人意。在数字化教育发展趋势的引领下，本研究深入剖析高分子化学教学与数字化教育的融合点，提出了一系列创新的教学策略和方法。通过构建知识图谱、运用动画和虚拟现实技术，以及开发在线学习平台，旨在打造一个全面、高效的个性化教学系统。该系统不仅能够激发学生的学习热情，提升学习成效，还能为教育者提供实时的学习数据分析，从而为教学方法的持续优化提供实证支持。通过这些措施，高分子化学的教学将能够实现持续的创新和发展，更好地适应数字化时代的教育需求。关键词："高分子化学"课程;数字化教学;知识图谱;虚拟现实;在线学习平台9|11|0更新时间：2026-10-29
- 摘要：为突破传统聚酯材料性能瓶颈、拓展其应用范围，以羟基封端的聚硅氧烷(PDMS)为功能单元，结合其他生物基单体，通过熔融缩聚反应成功合成了一系列生物基含硅聚酯(PPPBSS)弹性体，并制备其复合材料(PPPBSS/SiO2)。研究了PDMS含量对PPPBSS弹性体结构–性能的调控作用，同时考察了PPPBSS/SiO2的力学性能。采用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱表征了PPPBSS的化学结构和组成。结果表明，随着PDMS含量的增加，PPPBSS弹性体的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)从–49 °C下降至–55 °C；5%热失重温度(Td,5%)在PPPBSS-3时达到最大值为354 °C，同时其数均分子量(Mn)变化范围为1.27×104~6.42×104 g/mol；对于PPPBSS/SiO2复合材料，其拉伸强度和定伸强度均有所下降，但PPPBSS-2/SiO2的力学性能仍保持为4.6 MPa。本研究的PPPBSS弹性体属于含硅聚酯材料体系，在保留聚酯材料优异力学性能的前提下，由于PDMS的引入，其热稳定性与耐低温性能显著得到提升，为聚酯材料在极端环境下的工程化应用奠定了结构与性能基础。关键词：生物基共聚酯;聚二甲基聚硅氧烷;耐低温性能;热稳定性能15|10|0更新时间：2026-10-29
- 摘要：The rugged free-energy landscape of block copolymers features a multitude of local free-energy minima in addition to the only global free-energy minimum, giving rise to long-lived metastable states and enabling the fabrication of desired, metastable mesostructure in a process-accessible manner. Considering that the fabrication of perforated lamellar mesostructures in block copolymers via the stabilization strategy by either fine-tuning the chain architecture of the block copolymer or blending cannot fix the stacking sequence of hexagonally perforated layers in experiments due to similar free energies of different stacking sequences and leads to limited stable regions, using general symmetry considerations, we design a symmetry-conserving process to obtain the desired perforated lamellar mesostructure. The thermodynamically stable iHPa with P6/mmm symmetry of No. 191 space group in linear
$ {B}_{1}{A}_{1}{B}_{2}{A}_{2}{B}_{3} $ $ {\tilde{B}}_{1}{\tilde{C}}_{1}{A}_{1}{B}_{2}{A}_{2}{C}_{3} $ $ {C}_{1}{A}_{1}{B}_{2}{A}_{2}{C}_{3} $ $ {C}_{1}{A}_{1}{\tilde{C}}_{2}{\tilde{B}}_{2}{A}_{2}{C}_{3} $ 关键词：Block copolymer;Perforated lamellar mesostructure;P6/mmm symmetry;Process-directed self-assembly;Field theory10|3|0更新时间：2026-10-28 - 摘要：Biodegradable poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) blends exhibit poor toughness because of their incompatibility. In this study, double-graft polymers (DCL) with different molecular weights of poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) were successfully synthesized through grafting PDLA and PCL onto the multifunctional epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer (ADR) molecular chain by reactive blending, and their structures were confirmed by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra. Based on contact angle measurements and interfacial tension calculations, the graft copolymers preferentially localized at the interface between the two phases. This interfacial arrangement enhanced the interactions across the blend. The incorporation of PDLA was found to induce the formation of stereocomplex (SC) crystallites, which markedly reinforced the interfacial adhesion within the PLLA/PCL blend. Consequently, the elongation at break of the compatibilized blends exhibited an increasing trend with increasing compatibilizer content. Among them, the PLLA/PCL blend containing 5 wt% DCL with PDLA segments of 20 kg/mol exhibited the best tensile performance, outperforming the corresponding blend containing the double-graft copolymer with PLLA segments (LCL) owing to the formation of SC crystallites. Meanwhile, the influences of PDLA in DCL with varying Mn,designed on the morphology, crystallization, mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties of PLLA/PCL blends were investigated. It was found that DCL with a moderate length of PDLA (e.g., Mn,designed=20 kg/mol) displayed better compatibilization efficiency than copolymers with shorter or longer PDLA chains, significantly reducing the size of PCL domains and improving the dispersion uniformity. After incorporating DCL with the PDLA of Mn,designed=20 kg/mol, the elongation at break and fracture energy of the PLLA/PCL blends reached 304% and 9.7 kJ/m3, respectively, which were 20 and 24 times higher than those of the original PLLA/PCL. Compared to the uncompatibilized blend, the compatibilized blends displayed denser spherulites, which were derived from the nucleation of SC crystallization. The mechanical properties of the blends were improved through the transformation of the size and dispersion of PCL domains, and the size of spherulites tuned by PDLA with different molecular weights. By adjusting the molecular weight of PDLA in the compatibilizer, this study offers a strategy for fabricating PLLA-based materials with outstanding toughness.关键词：Poly(L-lactide);Double graft polymer;Stereocomplex crystallites;Toughness;Crystallization13|5|0更新时间：2026-10-28
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