植物绝缘油电容器用硅橡胶交联改性提升绝缘性能研究

王婷延; 黄青丹; 陈于晴; 李逸达; 宋浩永

doi:10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169

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植物绝缘油电容器用硅橡胶交联改性提升绝缘性能研究

研究论文 | 更新时间：2026-11-03

- 植物绝缘油电容器用硅橡胶交联改性提升绝缘性能研究
- Study on Crosslinking Modification of Silicone Rubber to Enhance the Insulation Performance of Vegetable Oil‑impregnated Capacitors
- 高分子学报 2026年页码：1-13
- 作者机构：
  
  广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局广州 510410
- 作者简介：
  
  E-mail: 2897612589@qq.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-06-23，
  
  录用：2026-07-30，
  
  网络首发：2026-11-03，
- 稿件说明：
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王婷延, 黄青丹, 陈于晴, 李逸达, 宋浩永. 植物绝缘油电容器用硅橡胶交联改性提升绝缘性能研究. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169.

Wang, T. Y.; Huang, Q. D.; Chen, Y. Q.; Li, Y. D.; Song, H. Y. Study on crosslinking modification of silicone rubber to enhance the insulation performance of vegetable oil‑impregnated capacitors. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169.
王婷延, 黄青丹, 陈于晴, 李逸达, 宋浩永. 植物绝缘油电容器用硅橡胶交联改性提升绝缘性能研究. 高分子学报, doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7708.

Wang, T. Y.; Huang, Q. D.; Chen, Y. Q.; Li, Y. D.; Song, H. Y. Study on crosslinking modification of silicone rubber to enhance the insulation performance of vegetable oil‑impregnated capacitors. Acta Polymerica Sinica (in Chinese), doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2026.26169. DOI： CSTR： 32057.14.GFZXB.2026.7708.

摘要

油浸式电容器是电力系统稳定运行的核心装备，而硅橡胶(SiR)是保证电容器可靠运行的重要密封材料，需同时具备优良的耐植物基绝缘油性、绝缘性能和机械性能. 本研究采用具有散射电子功能的2-苯基丙烯腈(

-PAN)对SiR进行交联改性，研究了改性剂添加比例对SiR在植物基绝缘油中耐油性的影响；进一步分析了温度条件和改性剂含量对复合介质交联密度和绝缘性能的作用规律，并结合分子动力学仿真，从微观结构层面阐明了

-PAN对SiR的性能提升机理. 结果表明，改性SiR在植物基绝缘油中的耐油性得到明显提升，相较于纯SiR，0.7 wt%的

-PAN/SiR的静态接触角提升了4.66%；其交流击穿强度随改性比例的增加先升后降，在0.5 wt%时达到最大值，为72.2 kV/mm，且复合介质击穿性能随温度升高而下降；机械性能也随着改性比例增加而提高，但浸油后略有下降. 理论计算和陷阱表征表明，

-PAN的引入增加了材料内部的深陷阱分布，极性基团发挥了散射电子的功能；同时交联密度提升减小了自由体积，从而增强了材料的耐电性能.

Abstract

Oil-immersed capacitors are core equipment underpinning the stable operation of power systems

and silicone rubber (SiR) serves as a critical sealing material to ensure the reliable service of capacitors

which requires the simultaneous integration of excellent vegetable-based insulating oil resistance

insulation performance

and mechanical properties. In this study

2-phenylacrylonitrile (

-PAN) with electron-scattering functionality was employed to crosslink and modify SiR. The effect of modifier addition ratio on the oil resistance of SiR in vegetable-based insulating oil was investigated. Further

the regulatory laws governing the influence of temperature conditions and modifier mass fraction on the crosslinking density and insulation performance of the composite dielectric were analyzed. Combined with molecular dynamics simulations

the mechanism by which

-PAN enhanced the performance of SiR was elucidated from the perspective of microstructure. Results indicated that the oil resistance of modified SiR in vegetable-based insulating oil was significantly improved; compared with pure SiR

the static contact angle of 0.7 wt%

-PAN/SiR increased by 4.66%. The AC breakdown strength first increased and then decreased with the increase of modification ratio

reaching a maximum value of 72.2 kV/mm at 0.5 wt%

and the breakdown performance of the composite dielectric decreased with the increase of temperature. Mechanical properties also improved with the increase of modification ratio

but slightly decreased after oil immersion. Theoretical calculations and trap characterization revealed that the introduction of

-PAN increased the distribution of deep traps inside the material

and the polar groups exerted the function of scattering electrons. Meanwhile

the increased crosslinking density reduced the free volume

thereby enhancing the electrical resistance performance of the material.

关键词

Keywords

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